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An-24B
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ANTONOV-24 is a Russian medium size passenger aircraft, which was manufactured in the former Soviet Union. More than 1000 aircraft were built and spread worldwide.
The An-24RV passenger turboprop aircraft was developed in mid-sixties, it contains the 800 kgf-thrust auxiliary power unit (APU) RU-19A300 within RH turboprop nacelle. This engine helped to improve considerably the aircraft takeoff performance. The An-24 Coke is configured as the cantilever monoplane with high-mounted wing equipped with extended-span Fouler flaps. The double-slotted flaps are fitted at the engine nacelle externally and single-slotted flaps are arranged at the root wing. The tail empennage has a traditional design, in the series aircraft it is completed with ventral fin (beginning from the seventies the An-24B and An-24RV aircraft are equipped with two anti-spin ventral fins); the fuselage is of the semi-monocoque type. The hydraulically-retractable three-strut landing gear has two wheels at every strut, controllable steering nose wheels with pressure inside tires adjustable on the ground. The An-24B aircraft are equipped with AI-24, Series 2, engines; the An-24RV aircraft are equipped with AI-24T engines with variable pitch propeller. The performed tests and further aircraft operation revealed that it is provided with good stability and easy controllability, capability to continue dependable takeoff with one engine operative. The structure and mechanical design of the landing gear guarantees its extension by gravity or by ram air even if some systems fail. The aircraft is provided with a reliable anti-icing system of wings and empennage.
A special attention is paid to the comfort of passengers. The crew compartment and passenger cabin are pressurized and furnished with the air conditioning system, heat and noise insulation.
Agreeable colours of ceiling and walls trimming, fluorescent illumination used for the first time here and nylon carpets provide for the passengers' coziness and comfort. Big windows ensure a good field of vision. The nose compartment accommodates the units of radio equipment in easily accessible bays. The aircraft versions for other purposes were introduced into quantity production, as follows: cargo-passenger, air photography, deluxe and administrative.
The An-24 aircraft is a metal-made monoplane with high-mounted wings. It is provided with in-flight retractable three-strut landing gear with nose wheel. The main landing gear struts are installed in the engines' nacelles and are retracted against ram air into special under-engine compartments. The nose wheel is installed in the front fuselage portion and is retracted into cell under crew compartment. The nose strut is pedal-controlled, which significantly increases the aircraft mobility on the ground.
The landing gear wheels with low-pressure tires permit to operate the aircraft from the unpaved airfields.
The An-24 construction features the adhesive-bonded joints for the first time in the world aircraft-building industry. Adhesive-bonded joints have replaced more than 67% of rivet joints. This measure resulted in the increased fatigue strength of structure, considerable decrease of labor content and cost of manufacture.
The aircraft wing includes centre-section, two middle sections and two cantilever sections. The middle sections of wing carry double-slotted flaps, while the centre-section carries the single-slotted flaps. The root section of every aileron contains trimmer and balance tab. The centre-section chamber incorporates four soft fuel tanks; the chambers of middle sections are made as pressurized fuel integral tanks. The aircraft is powered with two AI-24 turboprops featuring 2550 e.h.p takeoff power.
The aircraft is equipped with communication aids and everything required for day and night flights under adverse meteorological conditions any time of the year. The aircraft altitude equipment produces and maintains the pressure and temperature of air within the limits required for normal vital activity of crew and passengers when flying at high altitudes. During flights under icing conditions the leading edges of wings, empennage and cowlings of engine air intakes are heated with hot air taken from the engine compressors. The propellers, crew's compartment windshields, Pitot-static tubes, containers for storage batteries are provided with the electrical heating. If necessary, the An-24 can be easily reconfigured to cargo-passenger or cargo version, which dramatically increases its profitability under conditions of changing flow of cargo. It was found possible to re-equip the aircraft to 50-seat capacity in order to improve the aircraft performance without detriment to the passengers' comfort.
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